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1: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 1;105(13):5111-6. Epub 2008 Mar 25.
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Culturing of human peripheral blood cells reveals unsuspected lymphocyte responses relevant to HIV disease.

Sahaf B, Atkuri K, Heydari K, Malipatlolla M, Rappaport J, Regulier E, Herzenberg LA, Herzenberg LA.

Department of Genetics and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Recombinant HIV-Tat (Tat) induces extensive apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultured in typical CO2 incubators, which are equilibrated with air (21% O2). However, as we show here, Tat apoptosis induction fails in PBMCs cultured at physiological oxygen levels (5% O2). Under these conditions, Tat induces PBMCs to divide, efficiently primes them for HIV infection, and supports virus production by the infected cells. Furthermore, Tat takes only 2 h to prime PBMCs under these conditions. In contrast, PHA/IL-2, which is widely used to prime cells for HIV infection, takes 2-3 days. These findings strongly recommend culturing primary cells at physiological oxygen levels. In addition, they suggest HIV-Tat as a key regulator of HIV disease progression.

Publication Types:
PMID: 18364393 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

PMCID: PMC2278183