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1: Development. 2004 Dec;131(24):6009-21.
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Functions of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in cell signaling during development.

Lin X.

Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. linyby@chmcc.org

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are cell-surface and extracellular matrix macromolecules that are composed of a core protein decorated with covalently linked glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. In vitro studies have demonstrated the roles of these molecules in many cellular functions, and recent in vivo studies have begun to clarify their essential functions in development. In particular, HSPGs play crucial roles in regulating key developmental signaling pathways, such as the Wnt, Hedgehog, transforming growth factor-beta, and fibroblast growth factor pathways. This review highlights recent findings regarding the functions of HSPGs in these signaling pathways during development.

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PMID: 15563523 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]