SECTION	SCOPE
Behavioural neuroscience	Audition/vocalization etc. Bio (circadian) rhythms Communication/social behaviour Feeding/homeostasis Moods/motivation (including addiction) Neuroethological approaches to motor control (including echolocation & electrosensory), vision, & chemosensation Orientation/navigation Sex/aggression/fear Sleep Stress
Cardiovascular physiology/circulation	Blood Blood-brain barrier Capillary filtration Electrophysiology, micro circulation, hemodynamics, peripheral circulation, mechanical, neural & hormonal regulation & control Erythropoiesis Heart & myocardium Hemostasis & wound repair Lymphatic system, immunological impact on physiological function Regulation of blood pressure Regulation of blood pressure & heart rate
Cell signalling	Calcium Cell signalling in apoptosis, damage & senescence Cell signalling in cell cycle control Cytoplasmic/nuclear receptors G proteins Kinases & phosphatases: serine/threonine kinases, tyrosine kinases, phosphatases & smGTPases Lipids, inositol lipids & phosphates Modelling Nucleotides, nucleosides, amino acids & their receptors Peptide hormones, growth factors & their receptors Redox signalling Scaffolds/protein interactions Signalling & adhesion Signalling & regulation of gene expression Signalling & the cytoskeleton Small molecule targeting Technology: imaging/signalling Technology: proteomics Two-component signalling
Cognitive neuroscience	Arousal systems & priming Attention/blindsight/neglect Development & ageing Emotion Frontal lobes Language & communication Learning & memory Modelling cognition Molecular biology of cognition Neurobiology of cognitive-related disorders Perception Plasticity
Endocrinology	Adrenal medulla & cortex Biosynthesis & biodegradation of hormones Endocrine control of calcium Endocrine functions of pineal, heart, kidneys Endocrine pancreas & regulation of metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins & lipids Glucocorticoids & mineralocorticoids Humoral regulation of the cardiovascular system Hypothalamo-pituitary system Mechanisms of hormone action Regulation, secretion & metabolic effects of insulin Secretion & effects of nitric oxide Thyroidal hormones Transport of hormones in the blood
Gastrointestinal physiology	Absorption (intestine, colon) Digestion (carbohydrates, proteins/peptides, lipids) Enteric neurophysiology including neural inflammation Intestinal immunosystem Microorganisms in the intestinal tract Satiety Secretion (salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, liver) Smooth muscle & interstitial cells of Cajal electrophysiology Smooth muscle cell signaling Swallowing & transport of nutrients, motility, neuronal & hormonal regulation (esophagus, stomach, intestine, colon, defecation, vomiting)
Genomics	Computational analysis Expression analysis General genomics expertise High-throughput genome technology Mapping and sequencing Proteomics
Immune response	Cooperation in effector responses Coordination of innate & adaptive immune systems Immune complexes & Fc receptors & c' receptors Immunoendocrine networks Lymphocyte trafficking Lymphoid organ development & organization Maturation of the immune response Micro-environments (lymphocyte niches) Regionalization
Immunity to infections	Acquired responses Antigen processing/presentation Genetic susceptibility factors in hosts Immune evasion by microbes Inflammation & cytokines Innate recognition of microbes Pathogenesis & resistance Specific, major infectious diseases
Integrative physiology	Aerospace & gravitational physiology Aging Biological clocks/chronophysiology Cell population control Clinical pathophysiology Exercise & training Fight & flight response General physiology: transport, reaction, receptors, water in cells & tissues Genomics to physiology Homeostasis & negative feedback control Intermediary metabolism/energy balance Methods in physiology Model databasing & archiving Modeling of integrative physiological systems Neurohumoral regulation (regulation of cardiovascular system, respiration, sleep, thirst & satiety, body temperature, fluid & electrolyte balance, stress, & body weight) Optical & other methods applied to in vivo physiology Physiological databasing Regulation of cells at tissue/organ level Responses to stress (eg hypoxia, hypothermia, heat shock/chaperones) Statistics of physiological experiment design Theoretical biology
Medical genetics	Complex & simple gene mapping Gene therapy Genetic basis of diseases Pre-/post-natal diagnosis
Membranes & sorting	Cargo sorting Caveolae, lipid rafts Channels & pumps Coat GTPases (ARFs) Epithelial cells ER quality control ER translocation Golgi apparatus Lipids & lipid traffic Membrane protein structure Mitochondria Nuclear import/export Organelle biogenesis & inheritance Organelle dynamics & movement Parasites (examples of membrane traffic as well as disease) Peroxisomes Phosphoinositides Plants Proteasomes Regulated secretion The endocytic system (receptor-mediated endocytosis, phagocytosis, endosomes, lysosomes) Vesicle budding (COPs & clathrin) Vesicle fusion (rabs, tethers & SNAREs)
Morphogenesis & cell biology	Adhesion/cell matrix Aging/progression through life cycle Apoptosis Cell biology of organogenesis Cell cycle/growth control Cell differentiation Cell migration Cytoskeleton & cell polarity Fertilization Gastrulation Polarity-planar polarity Wound healing
Motor systems	Arm-hand motor coordination Basal ganglia -- intrinsic & overall function Brainstem & spinal cord -- intrinsic & overall function Cerebellum -- intrinsic & overall function Cortical motor functions -- networks, projections Eye movement & eye-head coordination Locomotion Motor-related disorders (including PD, HD, ALS, rehabilitation after stroke or other CNS lesions) Neuronal networks coordinating motor behaviour -- intrinsic function Posture-spatial orientation Respiration & related functions Sensori-motor integration Speech motor control
Muscle & connective tissue	Bone remodeling, osteoblasts, osteoclasts Hair Ligaments Mechanism of contraction: E-C coupling, contactile proteins, cellular/contraction Muscle adaptation Muscle damage, satellite cells Muscle extra cellular matrix/collagen Muscle fibre types Muscle metabolism Muscle microcirculation Nails Teeth Tendons
Neural homeostasis	Autonomic nervous system Autonomic neurons & control, transmitter effects of neuropeptides Central control of autonomic function (cardiorespiratory integration, posterior pituitary function, osmoregulation, thermoregulation) Clinical dysautonomias Enteric nervous system Neural control of cardiovascular, respiratory & renal systems (circulation, breathing, sodium & osmoregulation) Neural control of energy balance & metabolism Neuroendocrine regulation (gonadal, adrenal, GnRH, hypothalamus, control of reproduction, estrogen effects on neurophysiology & behavior, neuroendocrinology of aging) Peripheral regulation (heart-rate variability, physiological consequences of psychopathology - eg hostility, Type A personality) Reticular formation Sleep cycle & circadian rhythms Stress (effects, responses & consequences), with relation to neurogenesis, development, maternal behavior, social behavior, aging, cognitive function, self-esteem, physiological consequences, & neuropsychology
Neurodevelopment	Acquisition of neuronal identity Activity-dependent mechanisms/plasticity/critical periods Axon guidance/topographic maps Cortical organization Development of systems (neural crest/PNS/ENS/CNS) Eye/ear/lateral line/olfaction Neural induction Neurogenesis Neuronal migration Regionalization Survival/trophic factors/apoptosis Synaptogenesis/NMJ/connectivity
Neuronal signalling mechanisms	Calcium (stores, binding, release) Endocytosis Intracellular signalling pathways (including second messengers, G proteins) Ligand-gated channels Localization, cytoskeletal interaction, & traffic of signal components Molecular mechanisms of exocytosis Neuropharmacology (mechanisms not behavioural) Neurotransmitters/neuromodulators Neurotrophic/growth factor signalling Receptor signalling Signalling-related disorders (e.g. channelopathies) Synaptic structure/function (including LTP & other adaptive mechanisms) Transporters Voltage-gated channels
Pattern formation	Axis formation Cell fate specification Development of asymmetry Gametogenesis Growth Induction Limb patterning Metamorphosis Morphogens Neural & muscle patterning Organogenesis Segmentation Stem cells, regeneration
Physiogenomics	Scope: Approaches, results & interpretation that integrate molecular information for whole organisms or physiological systems through the simultaneous use of genomics, informatics, & physiological analysis. Analysis of genes, expression, or proteomic profiles, recombination mapping, genomic comparison & complex phenotyping to identify those genes influencing complex physiological pathways. Assays for molecular interactions, natural & directed gene alteration, selective breeding studies, or cloning techniques that enable nuclear reprogramming, gene identification or the assessment of gene/environment interactions important to fundamental biochemical pathways. Computational & informatic approaches to integrative models, biomedical data analysis, or mathematical predictions to understand gene-influenced physiological function. Translational observations & interpretation of results important to medical application.
Renal, fluid & electrolyte physiology	Body fluids & electrolytes Renal hormones & autacoids Tubular function Ureter & bladder Micturition Vascular biology & glomelural filtration
Reproductive physiology	Menstrual cycle Physiology of the breast including lactation Pregnancy (maternal adaptive responses) Puberty & menopause Sex differentiation & determination Sex hormones Sexual organs/accessory glands of reproduction The fetus The gonads The placenta & parturition
Respiratory physiology	Airway/epithelial biology/physiology Comparative respiratory physiology Environmental effects on the lungs (altitude, microgravity, hyperbaria) Exercise & the lungs Gas exchange & transport Neural & chemical regulation & control Pulmonary circulation Respiratory mechanics Vascular/endothelial biology/physiology
Sensory systems	Auditory/Vestibular Chemical Somatosensory & Pain Visual System

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